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in vitro - translation to french
![Top view of a Vitrocell mammalian exposure module "smoking robot", (lid removed) view of four separated wells for cell culture inserts to be exposed to tobacco smoke or an [[aerosol]] for an ''in vitro'' study of the effects](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrocell mammalian exposure module-smoking robot.jpg?width=200 "Top view of a Vitrocell mammalian exposure module \"smoking robot\", (lid removed) view of four separated wells for cell culture inserts to be exposed to tobacco smoke or an [[aerosol]] for an ''in vitro'' study of the effects")
Definition
Wikipedia
In vitro (meaning in glass, or in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context. Colloquially called "test-tube experiments", these studies in biology and its subdisciplines are traditionally done in labware such as test tubes, flasks, Petri dishes, and microtiter plates. Studies conducted using components of an organism that have been isolated from their usual biological surroundings permit a more detailed or more convenient analysis than can be done with whole organisms; however, results obtained from in vitro experiments may not fully or accurately predict the effects on a whole organism. In contrast to in vitro experiments, in vivo studies are those conducted in living organisms, including humans, known as clinical trials, and whole plants.
